The physics
A hole sits h below the surface. Water leaves it as fast as a stone dropped from the surface. This is Torricelli's rule. It comes from Bernoulli's rule, with air on both the surface and the jet.
v = √(2gh)
A jet from a hole in the side falls like a thrown ball. Let y be the hole's height above the ground. The jet lands a distance R away.
R = 2√(h y)
Swap h and y, and the jet lands at the same spot. The longest throw comes from halfway between the surface and the ground.
As the jet leaves, the level falls. Then the jet slows. So the tank takes longer to empty than a steady jet suggests.
A · dh/dt = −a√(2gh) T = (A/a) √(2H/g)
A narrow neck in a drain pipe runs faster than the exit. Its pressure falls below the air's, so it sucks liquid up a side tube.