The physics
A wheel on a fixed axle turns like a body moves in a line. The angle θ does the job of distance. The spin ω does the job of speed. The angular acceleration α does the job of a.
ω = ω0 + α t θ = ω0 t + ½ α t²
A torque τ turns the wheel. The moment of inertia I resists the turn, like mass resists a push.
τ = F r τ = I α disc: I = ½MR² ring: I = MR²
A cord wound on a drum ties the block's a to the drum's α. The cord does not slip, so a = αR.
Work done on a wheel becomes spin energy. The power at a moment is the torque times the spin.
W = F s = ½ I ω² P = τ ω
A pole hinged at one end turns about its end. Its weight acts at its middle. About the end, I = ML²/3.